Teaching to the Test in ESL Class

There are many issues surrounding the idea of teaching to the test. On the one hand, many feel that teaching makes it more difficult to test students knowledge because the focus is on the particular test at hand, not on holistic learning. Once learned, students can discard test-based knowledge and then begin to study for the next test. Obviously, this approach doesnt encourage language recycling, which is essential to acquisition. On the other hand, students who are thrown into a test without knowing exactly whats on the test might not know what to study. This presents a conundrum for many teachers: Do I pragmatically meet objectives or do I allow organic learning to take place?   For the English teacher, luckily, exam results wont lead to success or failure in life as is the case with the SAT, GSAT or other big examinations. For the most part, we can concentrate on producing and measuring the relative success or failure of each student. For example, I find giving students grades based on project work to be a highly accurate means of testing.   Unfortunately, many modern students have become accustomed to a test-based mode of study. In some cases, students expect us to give them clearly-defined tests. This is especially true when teaching grammar classes.   However, at times, students dont do very well on these tests. This in part is due to the fact that students are often not familiar with the importance of directions. Students are already nervous about their English and jump right into an exercise without clearly following the directions. Of course, understanding directions in English is part of the language acquisition process. However, it sometimes gets in the way.   For this reason, when giving any kind of standard assessment test, I like to teach to the test by providing a quick mock test in a review session leading up to a test. Especially at ​lower levels, this type of review will help students focus on their true abilities because theyll understand whats expected of them.   Example Review Quiz to Help Teach to the Test Here is an example review quiz I provided before a big grammar final. The test focuses on the present perfect, as well as difference in usage between past simple and the present perfect. Youll find notes and tips listed below the example quiz.   Part 1 – Circle the correct helping verb. 1.  Ã‚     Have / has he had lunch yet?2.  Ã‚     Have / has they played soccer today?3.  Ã‚     Have / has you eaten sushi? Part 2 – Fill in the blank with the PRESENT PERFECT verb. 1.  Ã‚     Fred (play / ) __________________ tennis many times.2.  Ã‚     She (have / -) __________________ breakfast this morning.3.  Ã‚     Peter and I (eat / ) _______________ fish this week.   Part 3 – Make a present perfect QUESTION with this answer. 1. Q ______________________________________________A: No, I haven’t seen Tom today.2. Q _______________________________________________A: Yes, they have flown to Chicago.3. Q ________________________________________________A: Yes, she’s worked for Google.   Part 4 – Write the correct V3 (past participle) in the blank. played  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     quit  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     driven  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     bought 1.  Ã‚     I haven’t ___________ a Lamborghini in my life.2.  Ã‚     She has _________ smoking cigarettes to be healthier.  3.  Ã‚     They’ve ____________ soccer two times this week.4.  Ã‚     I have _______________ three books today.   Part 5 – Verb forms: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb.   Verb 1  Ã‚     Verb 2  Ã‚     Verb 3make  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     sang  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     Forgotten   Part 6 – Write ‘for’ or ‘since’ to complete the sentences.   1.  Ã‚     I have lived in Portland _____ twenty years.2.  Ã‚     She’s studied piano _________ 2004.3.  Ã‚     They’ve cooked Italian food _______ they were teenagers.4.  Ã‚     My friends have worked in that company _________ a long, long time.  Part 7 – Answer each question with a complete sentence. 1. How long have you spoken English?A: _______________________ for _________. 2. How long have you played soccer?A: _______________________ since ___________. 3. How long have you known him?A: ____________________________ for ___________.   Part 8 – Write the correct form of the verb. Choose simple past or present perfect.   1.  Ã‚     She ___________(go) to New York three years ago.2.  Ã‚     I __________________ (smoke) cigarettes for ten years.3.  Ã‚     He _______________ (enjoy / -) the movie yesterday.4.  Ã‚     _________ you __________ (eat) sushi before?   Part 9. Circle the correct answer. 1. Fred _________ cake yesterday afternoon. a. has eatenb. eatedc. ated. was ate 2. I __________ at PELA for two months. a. studyb. am studyingc. have studyd. have studied   Part 10 – Fill in the blanks in these conversations. Use present perfect or simple past.   Peter: Have you ever ________ (buy) a car?Susan: Yes, I have.Peter: Cool! What car ___________ you _________ (buy)Susan: I _________ (buy) a Mercedes last year.   Teaching to the Test Tips Project each section onto a whiteboard to make sure that each student  actually sees whats expected.Ask students to come up and complete individual sections of the quiz. Have other students state whether they have completed the exercise correctly or not.  On the whiteboard, circle keywords in directions to make sure that students take notice of specific instructions.For the first question in each exercise, ask a student to complete the question on the whiteboard. Ask the student to explain why they answered in that manner.  Pay special attention to time expressions. Students tend to forget how important these are. For example, in exercise six students need to decide whether for or since should be used. Ask each student why they chose for or since.  On multiple choice questions, ask students why each incorrect answer is incorrect.  Dont worry about making a review quiz the same length as the actual test. Keep it short as the focus is on understanding how to take the test.

Why The Fortunes Of Kings Weston House Changed Between...

Why The Fortunes Of Kings Weston House Changed Between 1700 And The Present Day Kings Weston House was built on the side of a ridge probably with idyllic pastoral views (as was the fashion in the 1700s). Kings Weston House was probably built on this site because of those views, it was surrounded by countryside with a few grazing cattles of sheep and most likely farmland visible, but the main view from the house was the River Severn and the rolling green hills of Wales visible on the other side. These views made it the perfect country house for a wealthy family. Today the view from the house is very different, you can see the built up council estates of Sea Mills and Lawrence Weston. Where in the†¦show more content†¦He wanted to build it on the same site as the Tudor mansion because it was in the ideal place for everything he needed. It was near the village of Shirehampton where he could hire people as servants to help run the house, and as they came from the village he did not have to pay to house them. It was only five miles from the city of Bristo l so he could easily get there to sort out business, or for him and his family to enjoy what the city had to offer them. It was also very close to Sea Mills, where he wanted to build up the roman harbour because Bristol docks were beginning to lose trade to Docks in Liverpool. This is because Liverpool dock was a lot easier for ships to get to, unlike Bristol where they had to travel up the bendy and very tidal River Avon. So by building a floating harbour in Sea Mills ships would not have to travel all the way up the Avon. But Sea Mills harbour soon failed because it did not have sufficient links with Bristol. Also if you wanted to be elected in Parliament you had to have a certain amount of land and as Kings Weston has 60 acres of land it was the ideal place to build the new house. The current house was designed by John Vanbrugh. He was born in Londonin 1664 and came to Bristol in 1710 at the age of 46. John Vanbrugh was first a foot soldier, then a play righter in 1696, writing plays like Loves LastShow MoreRelatedManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesLeadership is a Process, Not a Position 51 51 70 1. Leadership is Everyone’s Business 2. Interaction between the Leader, the Followers the Situation Cohen †¢ Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition 11. Leadership: Exerting Influence and Power 94 94 Text Palmer−Dunford−Akin †¢ Managing Organizational Change 2. Images of Managing Change 121 121 147 147 Text 3. Why Organizations Change Text Cohen †¢ Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition 14. Initiating

Intermediate Microeconomics Its Application â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Intermediate Microeconomics Its Application? Answer: Introducation Production Possibility Frontier for the production of the Schmeckt Gut Energy Bar and Schmeckt Gut 2.0. Figure 1: Production Possibility Frontier Production Possibility Frontier of an economy symbolizes for different possible combination two goods produced within the economy while making use of all of the available resources (Friedman, 2017). Any point on the PPF implies efficient production point. The PPF is drawn based on some basic assumptions. On important assumption is increasing opportunity cost of production. In order to increase production of one good resources must be move out from the other industry which is costly. The two extreme points on the PPF shows the maximum amount of each of the good that can be produced in the economy (Yang Ng, 2015). From the above PPF, it can be said that the economy can have a maximum 30,000 Schmeckt Energy bar while the maximum number of Schmeckt Gut 2.0 is 5000. Currently district D is producing 3000 Schmeckt Gut 2.0 and 18,000 Schmeckt Gut Energy bars. This is a point on the PPF. This means District D is operating on an efficient scale. Now, demand has increased to 4,000 Schmeckt Gut 2.0 and 20,000 Schmeckt Gut Energy Bars. This means demand for the goods has increased. Given, the assumption of PPF that to increase the production of one good the production of other good must be increased this is not possible to attain by the current range of PPF. It is possible only when PPF shifts outward. PPC shifts outward only when output capacity increases (Nicholson Snyder, 2014). When there is an advancement of existing technology then output for both the product increases. Another possibility is finding a new resource base. Allowing specialization within the industry or hiring more labours can also increases output and can help District D to achieve its increased demand. Among the solution given above, finding a new source of human resources management and exploiting it is not sustainable. Hiring more labours also has limitations because of diminishing marginal returns. Advancement of technology and using existing resources efficiently is can sustainable way to increase productivity and increasing output. Demand for energy bar, Supply of Energy bar, At equilibrium, Demand = Supply Market equilibrium price is 400 and equilibrium quantity is 200. The law of demand suggests an inverse relation between price and demand when other factors remain constant. The law of supply on the other hand implies a positive relation between price and quantity supplied given all other factors (Rios, McConnell Brue, 2013). Therefore, when price increases by $1 then according to law of demand people will demand less energy bars. Suppliers on the other hand, supplies on the other hand increases their quantity supplied. This will create an excess supply condition in the market for energy bars. Figure 2: Market condition when price rises (Source: as created by Author) References Friedman, L. S. (2017).The microeconomics of public policy analysis. Princeton University Press. Nicholson, W., Snyder, C. M. (2014).Intermediate microeconomics and its application. Cengage Learning. Rios, M. C., McConnell, C. R., Brue, S. L. (2013). Accounting: Principles, problems, and policies. McGraw-Hill. Yang, X., Ng, Y. K. (2015).Specialization and economic organization: A new classical microeconomic framework(Vol. 215). Elsevie

The disconnect between tradition and contemporary practice in yoga

The practice of yoga dates back to ancient Indian philosophy. It uses a system of mind and body control to achieve liberation from the vices associated with the weakness of the human body and mind. Traditionally, yoga practices were meant to unite the human body with the divine.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on The disconnect between tradition and contemporary practice in yoga specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The postures involved in yoga (asana) were a means to achieving this higher spirituality. In the late 19th century, yoga was introduced to the western world where it quickly took the form of physical exercises. Modern yoga emphasized the use of yoga postures to achieve better health as opposed to traditional practice that emphasized achievement of a higher spirituality using the body and mind. The purpose of this thesis is to point out the disconnect that exists between traditional yoga and contemporary pr actice. While traditional yoga is aimed at achieving spirituality, contemporary practice emphasizes yoga as a means of physical fitness. In traditional meaning, yoga was seen as a disciplined way to achieve a goal. In simpler terms, it is spiritual training. To maintain the discipline, the body and mind had to be coordinated and geared towards achieving the kind of higher spirituality that would ultimately transform the human being from a normal chaotic state into a perfect ordered state. In any religion, the sole purpose of spirituality is to be at peace with the inner self. Traditional yoga is the epitome of spirituality for it seeks to cease the agitation of the consciousness. To make that possible, one goes through a rigorous regimen of physical and mental endurance whose ultimate goal is to free the mind from the vices of humanity. In this sense yoga becomes theistic. The spirituality of yoga is concerned with the human condition and how to manage the flaws of humanity. One tra ins to be in full awareness of these flaws and learns how to sustain their spiritual reality throughout any situation.Advertising Looking for proposal on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More By going through the regimen of yoga, one learns how to discipline their inner awareness until such a point that they attain liberation to that place of perfection within the self. Contemporary yoga came into existence during the late 19th century, with greater emphasis on the physical postures of yoga. Consequently, modern yoga has come to be associated with physical fitness. Modernists perpetrate yoga as a physical system with a spiritual component. It therefore means that the contemporary school of thought holds in high esteem, the physical aspect of yoga as a means to achieving satisfaction that is deemed spiritual. In order to understand how the traditional practice of yoga is linked to spirituality whilst the contemporary prac tice is a mere physical act, a look into some academic sources will help shed the light by outlining the meaning and purpose of yoga from a traditional point of view and from a contemporary point of view. Anderson, Sandra, and S.Rolf. Yoga:Mastering the basics, Washington: Himalayan Institute Press, 2000. Print. Modern yoga is centered upon the physical aspects of yoga. This book offers a comprehensive and practical guide to the essential elements of yoga. In as much as the authors recognize the contribution of yoga to the transformation of the mind, body and soul, much of the book revolves around the physical aspect (asana) and going into details about the postures, breathe training, relaxation, and meditation. This is a classic example of how modern day yoga practice has been contorted to be the achievement of spirituality through physical activity.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on The disconnect between tradition and contemporary practice in yoga specific ally for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Muni, Rajarshi. Yoga:The ultimate spiritual path, New York: Llewelyn wordwide, 2001. Print. The author is an accomplished yogi who has written numerous books on the practice of traditional yoga. He describes yoga as the union of the body and mind for spiritual development.Muni traces the history of yoga to the philosophy and religion of ancient India and its decline to what is now contemporary yoga as a result of western influence. This book opens up the mind to the fact that traditional yoga is more than slow, gentle stretching and breathing exercises. Rather, he points to the philosophy and metaphysics of the practice in seeking to harmonize the spirit, mind and body. Muni’s approach is important in establishing the origins of yoga and the fact it has a spiritual aspect.it is also important to note that the author is aware of the use of physical exercises to describe modern day yoga. Singleton, Mark. Yoga body:The origin of modern posture practice, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. Print. Singleton seeks to understand why the practice of asana (the physical exercises) has become the international face of yoga. Many people are misled into thinking that the physical aspect rather than the spiritual is the most important. Despite this acknowledgement, the author makes a contradictory statement and thus reinstates the popular belief of yoga being the actual physical exercises by declaring that contemporary yoga is drawn from the more recent western influences in sporting activities.Advertising Looking for proposal on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Iyengar, Kelvin. Yoga:The path to holistic health, Maine: D.K Publishers, 2007. Print. Iyengar is a world renowned yogi who shares the sentiments of contemporary yoga. Although he lauds yoga as a holistic experience that benefits the body, mind and spirit, he concentrates on the physical acts of yoga (asana) and how they can be adapted to counter the stresses of modern living. This goes to show the extent to which modernity has influenced the true meaning of yoga to an acceptable norm of physical fitness. Carpenter, David and W. Ian. Yoga:The Indian tradition, London: Princeton Univerity Press, 2003. Print. Just like Muni, these authors share the same school of thought in which traditional yoga is viewed as having descended from Indian philosophy and hence religion. In this sense, yoga springs from Indian history and religion and its sole purpose is the affirmation of spirituality. They do agree that contemporary yoga draws its mantra based on physical exercises from one of its disc iplines but does not involve the spirit. Traditional yoga therefore transcends the physical by incorporating all the facets of the human body and mind to attain spirituality. In conclusion, it is evident that there is a lack of connection between traditional and contemporary yoga practices. Traditional yoga is religious in nature and its main purpose is the attainment of spirituality within an individual. This kind of spirituality is achieved through strict control of the body and mind therefore it is a spiritual as well as a physical and mental process. Contemporary yoga is far more widespread than traditional yoga. Its use as a physical fitness or health guideline is far removed from spirituality and hence religion.it seeks to ensure the well-being of the physical body without involving the spirit. It would be safe to make an assumption that the goals of the two disciplines are far removed from each other. Works Cited Anderson, Sandra, and S.Rolf. Yoga:Mastering the basics, Washin gton: Himalayan Institute Press, 2000. Print. Carpenter, David and W. Ian. Yoga:The Indian tradition, London: Princeton Univerity Press, 2003. Print. Iyengar, Kelvin. Yoga:The path to holistic health, Maine: D.K Publishers, 2007. Print. Muni, Rajarshi. Yoga:The ultimate spiritual path, New York: Llewelyn wordwide, 2001. Print. Singleton, Mark. Yoga body:The origin of modern posture practice, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. Print. This proposal on The disconnect between tradition and contemporary practice in yoga was written and submitted by user Cardiac to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The immigration Policy Essays - Demography, Population,

The immigration Policy Immigration has turned into a major worldwide issue, particularly in the field of financial aspects, exchange, and business. Populace in a few nations inflatables in light of settlers, regardless of whether these workers are lawful or not. The most widely recognized explanation behind movement is the consistent look for a superior life abroad, influencing migration to appear like the poor man's escape. There are such a significant number of reasons why individuals relocate to different nations. A few people are essentially compelled to move, maybe in view of war and antagonistic vibe, much the same as the end result for the Syrians a few years ago, and the Jews amid the Nazi occupation. Others move since they need to discover better working environments and openings for work abroad - the purported greener field. A few transients say they deserted their nation on account of partiality and mistreatment. Others essentially relocate on the grounds that they are looking for experi ence, or they simply needed a better place to live and resign. Movement is as a rule seen as a demonstration of valor. Living abroad can be overwhelming for a newcomer since he winds up presented to an alternate culture. The agony of abandoning your family is difficult to persevere. Settlers additionally confront more concerning issues: underemployment and joblessness, mishandle, not getting enough help from the administration, and getting excluded by society. There is likewise detachment uneasiness and the test of finding a superior employment. All things considered, that is the motivation behind why they cleared out. Migration does not need to be the poor man's escape if the legislature gives enough employments to everybody. Providers don't need to work abroad in the event that they discover lucrative occupations in their own nation. Families don't need to leave if the nation is ok for them and their youngsters. In spite of movement being a typical practice, the issue all comes down to the administration not successfully address the circumstance. This is the reason nations have turned to evaluating their laws on migration. Presently, it isn't that simple to move to the Assembled States or to Europe. There are sure parameters to be watched. The movement officers have turned out to be more cautious about who they let in their nation. All of a sudden, migration quits turning into an escape. This is another answer for control outsiders. There ought to be a more stringent strategy on migration. There must be a collection of specialists who might screen the illicit migrants in a nation. Doing this may likewise control the populace measure in a city. Concerning every nation, the best choice is to give occupations exclusively to their comrades. Their labor ought not make out of workers. A survey of such advantages and expenses should be possible. In any case, of course, it won't be simple. It will require investment before all movement agencies around the globe think of better laws to control the happening to outsiders.

Romanticism in the scarlet letter essays

Romanticism in the scarlet letter essays Romanticism can be defined as a literary movement marked especially by emphasis on the imagination and the emotions and by the use of autobiographical material. The years from 1810 to 1865 marked the period of romanticism. The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1850, is a piece of literature from the Romantic period. Intuition, supernatural occurrences, and nature reflecting the emotions are all techniques of Romanticism used in The Scarlet Letter. The power or faculty of knowing occurrences without conscious reasoning is intuition. Pearl asked Dimmesdale, Wilt thou stand here with mother and me, tomorrow noontide? (104). She asked him the aforementioned question because she believes he has also sinned and should have been on the scaffold with them seven years ago. Pearl has made an A out of eelgrass. Hester wonders why she has made it and asks if she knows what her A means. Pearl replies, It is for the same reason the minister keeps his hand over his heart. (132). Pearl senses that Dimmesdale also has an A, and he keeps his hand over his heart to hide his shame of being an adulterer. When talking about supernatural occurrence, in reference to Romanticism, it is when something out of the ordinary happens. It is done! The whole town will awake, and hurry forth, and find me here! (100). This is supernatural because Dimmesdale is screaming at the top of his lungs, expecting the whole town to wake and see him upon the scaffold. The only two people who take notice are Hester and Pearl; they later join him on the scaffold. We impute it, therefore, solely to the disease in his own eye and heart, that the minister, looking upward to the zenith, beheld there the appearance of an immense letter the letter A marked out in lines of dull red light. Not but the meteor may have shown itself at that point, burning duskily thro...

How to Manage Diffrent Groups In Leisure Industries Essay

How to Manage Diffrent Groups In Leisure Industries - Essay Example Many management authors that effective management of people is the most important trait of a successful manager have underlined it. In leisure industry we find people who are the obvious elements like- mangers, employees and clients. Then there is another set of people who are indirectly related like the performers, spectators, technicians etc. There are various theories on who is more important and who is not. But regardless of the hierchy, everyone's coming together is most important. For example if a concert is to be organized, it would involve some managerial person to select the venue, a marketing person to promote the concert, a public relation officer to co-ordinate various agencies involved, a performer to deliver, some technicians to take care of the technical side, security personnel to manage the crowd etc. The people involved to run the Leisure industry can be at different levels and different status. All of them need to be handled differently. They are much different from the material resources. A material source actually becomes a resource only when a human resource makes it productive. For example, a microphone turns into a resource only when a singer uses it to perform. Therefore the management of human resources is very important and needs to be tackled at a different level. This is a complex task because unlike material resources, one can never be sure of the returns from the investment made on the Human Resource. Storey 1995, has defined Human Resource management as the distinctive approach to the employment management. He says the motive of correct employment management is to get a competitive advantage. For this it is important to have a strategic deployment of a highly committed and capable workforce. It may require an integrated array of cultural, structural and personnel techniques. But the limiting factor of this theory is that it is focused on productivity and profit. For a long-term benefit, both for the organization and the employees, it is better to view the employees or the work force as capital and not as cost. When they are considered as cost, the focus is to get the maximum profit from their inputs. But when they are treated as capital then one has to invest more in them to increase their productivity. In a service-oriented industry like the leisure industry, this becomes even more significant as the product - pleasure- is intangible. The involvement of the customer is a must. Most importantly, the production and consumption of the product happens simultaneously. Like in a concert, the production, that is rendering of music, and consumption i.e. listening and enjoying the music, take place at the same time. Categories of Human Resources The leisure industry comprises of volunteers and paid workers. These two different type of people need to be handled in different manners. Then there is a segment in the paid workers that is referred to as professionals. For example- in a concert there could be some celebrity management experts to co-ordinate with the star performers. There could be marketing experts to help design the promotion of the event. Along with the professionals, there are some volunteers also. Volunteers Some people involved in the Leisure industry could be Volunteers. According to Stephen, 1991, these people